[keep_hope_alive]

Sounds like you have a crankcase ventilation issue, hence the excessive pressure and excessive oil collection in the catch can.

In your first photo, you're low on coolant. The top reservoir should be full. This could be a sign you're losing some into the cylinders.

Both things can be true. Excessive crankcase pressure can cause a head gasket failure, which would be where the coolant is coming from. And this could correlate with letting off the throttle.

The gas in your oil is from your rings not doing their job. Also, could be exacerbated by crankcase pressures, but it's also a known side effect of running a Turbo 4cyl these days. It's important to do more frequent oil changes if you're not driving long enough to burn the gas off. And it makes sense the catch can would have gas in it, if that's the case.